what questions do you want answers to;

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To estimate the sample size, you can use this simplified formula
The formula does not include the size of the general population. This is not critical, since for a large audience of over 100,000 people, its size ceases to affect the sample size.

If you are studying a small community of people and want to reduce the number of respondents to save budget, then it is better to consider the second method.

Method 2: Use an online calculator
There are several different sample size calculator options available online, such as QuestionStar and Socioline .

They are a window with fields to fill in, in which you indicate the level of statistical error and reliability. If the size of the general population is known, then you enter it too.

Some calculators have a section called "Proportion of a feature in the general population." Its value is unknown before the study begins, so you do not need to fill in the section.


In the calculator you need to specify the size of the error and reliability, the rest of the items are optional
Once you fill in all the fields, the calculator will give you a sample size value. You can experiment with the error and confidence levels to determine the optimal number of respondents for your survey.

Calculations show that for an audience of almost any size, a survey of 100 people gives an error of about 10%, for 200 respondents it will be 7%, and for 400 respondents - about 5%. The values ​​are given for a confidence level of 95%.


The sample size is most influenced by the amount of marginal error
How to create a representative sample
To create a sample that is representative of your audience, you need to follow these basic steps.

1. Formulate the purpose of the research
Think through and write down the goals and objectives of the work. Determine:

how you will use the research results.
If your goal is to get new ideas and hypotheses, then you need to conduct qualitative research. If you need precise answers to closed questions, for example, to determine the capacity of a segment or the effectiveness of advertising, then use quantitative surveys.

2. Describe the target audience
Formulate what audience you want to study. As a rule, a company works with several south africa phone number list segments at once. Select those groups of clients that must be included in the study. Usually, they take the core of the target audience and several of the most profitable segments.


Segment your customers and choose which groups of people should be included in your research
If possible, estimate the size of your audience as a whole and each segment individually. This information will give you an idea of ​​the size of your overall population.

3. Highlight the main characteristics of the target audience
Depending on your research topic, determine which audience characteristics most influence people's responses.

This could be gender, age, income, place of residence, employment and education, social status, main expense items, use of a car or other equipment, lifestyle features. Choose from one to five key factors - they will determine the sample structure.

For example, you are conducting research for a network of fitness centers and want to find out which sports are in demand in the largest cities of Russia. Then the key parameters will be: