In traditional typography, an em equals the case width of the capital letter "M" of a particular typeface. In digital typefaces, it is the distance between the baselines of two lines when no additional leading has been applied, i.e. it would be the maximum case height of a particular font. In browsers, however, fonts are scaled proportionally to the default size specified by the browser's creator.
Throughout the 1990s, most browsers had a default font size of 12 points, and in most modern browsers, 1 em initially equals 16 pixels, but only if the user has not changed the default font size. Ems are relative units, so more accurately 1 em equals 100% of the initial font size. If the user has set their browser to a default font size of 20 pixels, then this is the size of 1 em.
Therefore, ems are used to establish the relative proportions of the elements included on a page, rather than to define exact sizes. It is no longer a matter of defining h1s at a size of 16 pixels and pa israel telegram data at a size of 10, but rather a change in the way of thinking: what is being defined is that a heading is 1.33 times larger than the paragraphs.
Differences between Fluid Layout and Responsive Design
What is fluid layout, and how material UI is using fluid design
Although responsive design and fluid layout may seem similar, responsive design relies more on media queries to change the structure at specific breakpoints, while fluid layout continuously adapts without relying on these fixed points, allowing for a smoother transition between different screen sizes.
Implementing a Fluid Layout is a great option for websites looking to maximize user experience across a variety of devices without the need for constant adjustments for each one.
Conclusion
Fluid Layout has become an essential solution for responsive web design, allowing sites to smoothly and automatically adjust to any device. Its use of relative units and tools like Flexbox and CSS Grid make it an ideal choice for those looking to optimize user experience without additional complications. As the number of devices and resolutions continues to grow, fluid layout offers a durable and efficient solution for maintaining a consistent appearance and functionality.